Muslims in Bulgaria - Sheikh Yunus Tirmizi (Pages 84-88), National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria, "Religious Composition by Country, 2010-2050", "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe", "Население по местоживеене, възраст и вероизповедание", "Bulgaria's Muslims not deeply religious: study", "Bulgaria: Legal problems continue for Ahmadi Muslims and Alternative Orthodox", "Religious Belief and National Belonging in Central and Eastern Europe: Final Topline", "Mustafa Hadzhi reelected grand mufti of Bulgaria", Bulgaria imposes burqa ban – and will cut benefits of women who defy it, Reception of Islam in Early Modern Europe, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islam_in_Bulgaria&oldid=984867329, Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from October 2017, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the Library of Congress Country Studies, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Although the government has, as a rule, respected the religious freedom of its citizens, there have definitely been problems for minority religio… Definition: This entry is an ordered listing of religions by adherents starting with the largest group and sometimes includes the percent of total population. "[16] In 1989, 310,000[17] to 360,000[15] people fled to Turkey as a result of the communist Zhivkov regime's assimilation campaign. [15] This principality was expanded after the First Balkan War when largely-Muslim Rhodope and Western Thrace regions were incorporated into the country's territory. Baha'i - Founded by Mirza Husayn-Ali (known as Baha'u'llah) in Iran in 1852, Baha'i faith emphasizes monotheism and believes in one eternal transcendent God. About 0.5% believed that disputes should be resolved using Islamic Sharia law and 79.6% said that wearing a veil in school was "unacceptable." Basic Groupings The two primary branches of Islam are Sunni and Shia, which split from each other over a religio-political leadership dispute about the rightful successor to Muhammad. The key ethical tenets of Zoroastrianism expressed in its scripture, the Avesta, are based on a dualistic worldview where one may prevent chaos if one chooses to serve God and exercises good thoughts, good words, and good deeds. [48] Currently, the number of mosques in Bulgaria is estimated to be around 1,260. Today, though a minority, Zoroastrians remain primarily in Iran, India (where they are known as Parsi), and Pakistan. The goal of religious life is to learn to act so as to finally achieve liberation (moksha) of one's soul, escaping the rebirth cycle. Among the 26 people who were arrested for 24 hours was Ahmed Musa Ahmed and six other preachers who were charged with support ISIS. Similar protests were supported by the National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria. [44] Research also shows that educational problems faced by minorities creates social stratification and magnifies negative stereotypes. Approximately 41% never went to a mosque and 59.3% did not pray at home. The Union of Evangelical Congregational Churches in Bulgaria is a fruit of American missionaries in the 19th century.
Kimbanguist: a puritan form of the Baptist denomination founded by Simon Kimbangu in the 1920s in what is now the Democratic Republic of Congo. A 2001 study by sociologists under the leadership of Ivan Szelenyi from Yale University concluded that poverty and severe economic crisis affected Muslims and Roma in Bulgaria the most.
It emphasizes compassion for all living things, seeks liberation of the human soul from reincarnation through enlightenment, and values personal responsibility due to the belief in the immediate consequences of one's behavior.
The motivation of the 1984 assimilation campaign was unclear; however, many experts believed that the disproportion between the birth rates of the Turks and the Bulgarians was a major factor. Teachers and pupils from Muslim religious schools meet with their Christian counterparts.
[13], Following the Russo-Turkish War and the 1878 Treaty of Berlin, the Danube Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire was transformed into the autonomous Principality of Bulgaria. The iftar took place in the President's Boyana Residence and was attended by the Prime Minister, the Speaker of the National Assembly, party leaders, and representatives of all religions in the country.
Buddhism focuses on the goal of spiritual enlightenment centered on an understanding of Gautama Buddha's Four Noble Truths on the nature of suffering, and on the Eightfold Path of spiritual and moral practice, to break the cycle of suffering of which we are a part. In shaman-based religions, the shaman is also responsible for leading sacred rites. Traditional beliefs Animism: the belief that non-human entities contain souls or spirits. Shamanistic beliefs are organized around a shaman or medicine man who - as an intermediary between the human and spirit world - is believed to be able to heal the sick (by healing their souls), communicate with the spirit world, and help souls into the afterlife through the practice of entering a trance. Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population. The Catholic Church has roots in the country since the Middle Ages, and Protestantism arrived in the 19th century. Source: CIA World Factbook - This page was last updated on December 7, 2019, Eastern Orthodox 59.4%, Muslim 7.8%, other (including Catholic, Protestant, Armenian Apostolic Orthodox, and Jewish) 1.7%, none 3.7%, unspecified 27.4%. Tatar Muslims live in northeastern Bulgaria and the small Arab diaspora is based mainly in the capital, Sofia. [4] Ethnically, Muslims in Bulgaria are Turks, Bulgarians and Roma, living mainly in parts of northeastern Bulgaria (mainly in Razgrad, Targovishte, Shumen and Silistra Provinces) and in the Rhodope Mountains (mainly in Kardzhali Province and Smolyan Province). A 2015 study estimated 45,000 Christian believers from a Muslim background in the country, most of them belonging to some form of Protestantism.[12]. [34], In October 2014, the Muftiate launched a campaign during Eid al-Adha to donate packages of meat 30,000 families of any religion. [14] These events changed the ethnic and religious makeup of Bulgaria. During the Ottoman rule of the Balkans, Sunni Islam spread in the territories of Bulgaria, and it remains a significant minority today. Other variants on Protestant Christianity, including Pentecostal movements and independent churches, may lack one or more of these elements, and their leadership and beliefs are individualized and dynamic. Islam > Percentage Muslim: Percent of Muslims in each country. Divine revelation of principles and prohibitions in the Hebrew Scriptures form the basis of Jewish law, or halakhah, which is a key component of the faith.
[57], Map of the Turkish population in Bulgaria. [7][8] Migration of Muslim Seljuq Turks to Dobruja during the 13th century is also mentioned.
Particular areas of research include classical and modern exegesis methods, ecology and Islam, and Islamic art. Many Orthodox Christians and Paulicians converted to Islam, often voluntarily due to the peculiarities of the Ottoman millet system, but sometimes forcefully. Numerous Muslim enterprise were shut down and the low economic status of Muslims was exacerbated by the lack of education and poor infrastructure in the rural parts of the country. Confucianism has strongly influenced the culture and beliefs of East Asian countries, including China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, and Vietnam. Modern Judaism has three basic categories of faith: Orthodox, Conservative, and Reform/Liberal.
Some villages organized Quran study courses for young people (study of the Quran had been completely forbidden under Zhivkov). Population: 7 million (2019 est.) The results of the Bulgarian census of 2011, in which the indication of answer regarding the question for confession was optional, are as follows:[1], The results of the Bulgarian census of 2001 by ethnic groups, the latest census in which the indication of identification (whether by confession or as irreligious) in the question for confession was obligatory, are as follows:[10][11]. Adherents believe that salvation comes through Jesus' death and resurrection, like Christianity, but additionally that living a spiritually pure life following strict codes of conduct is required for salvation. Mormonism believes earlier Christian traditions, such as the Roman Catholic, Orthodox, and Protestant reform faiths, are apostasies and that Joseph Smith's revelation of the Book of Mormon is a restoration of true Christianity. Sunni has four schools of Islamic doctrine and law - Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, and Hanbali - which uniquely interpret the Hadith, or recorded oral traditions of Muhammad. The Catholic Church has a comprehensive theological and moral doctrine specified for believers in its catechism, which makes it unique among most forms of Christianity. The Orthodox Christian faith shares many theological tenets with the Roman Catholic Church, but diverges on some key premises and does not recognize the governing authority of the Pope. While there are extensive traditions of Jewish halakhic and theological discourse, there is no final dogmatic authority in the tradition. Muslims believe Muhammad is the final of all religious prophets (beginning with Abraham) and that the Qu'ran, which is the Islamic scripture, was revealed to him by God. Almost 64% of Muslims in Bulgaria that are ethnically Turks live in Kardzhali, Razgrad, Targovishte, Shumen, Silistra, Dobrich Ruse, and Burgas. Many protestant theologies emphasize the primary role of scripture in their faith, advocating individual interpretation of Christian texts without the mediation of a final religious authority such as the Roman Pope. This article incorporates public domain material from the Library of Congress Country Studies website http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/. [38], During Ashura, the Muftiate and representatives of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church distributed thousands of portions of Ashure for the poor. Capital: Sofia 3. Major religion(s): Country … Mormons have a hierarchical religious leadership structure, and actively proselytize their faith; they are located primarily in the Americas and in a number of other Western countries. [54], Muslims in Bulgaria are obliged to register periodic conferences at the Sofia City Court, which members of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church are not required to do. During the Ottoman rule of the Balkans, Sunni Islam spread in the territories of Bulgaria, and it remains a significant minority today.
According to the 2011 census, the largest ethnic group of Muslims in Bulgaria are Turks (444,434 people), followed by ethnic Bulgarians (67,350), and ethnic Roma (42,201).[2]. In 2013, the Provisional Prime Minister Marin Raykov visited the Muftiate. [40], According to Bulgarian scholar and writer Aziz Nazmi Shakir, the relations between the local Muslim and Jewish communities are "rather positive. Catholicism is comprised of 23 particular Churches, or Rites - one Western (Roman or Latin-Rite) and 22 Eastern. In the latest years, there has been a decline of both the historic religions of Bulgaria—Orthodox Christianity and Islam—, which shrank respectively from 86% in 1992 to 84% in 2001 to 61% in 2011 and from 13% in 1992 to 12% in 2001 to 8% in 2011.
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