With limited surface water, it’s no surprise that the region’s farmers are withdrawing groundwater more quickly than anywhere else on Earth, making the water situation even more precarious. Summer 2006: 4–10. Instead of having hundreds of instruments on the ground, a single satellite circling hundreds of kilometers above Earth can look at large areas. Until recently, water resource agencies and scientists used only the data gathered by traditional methods to develop water usage models or to determine actual local usage. Society depends on the balance in distribution of Earth's water. The Middle East appears in the Atlas as a quilt of dark red and grey, indicating arid and extremely high water stressed areas where users withdraw 80 percent or more of the available, annually renewable surface water every year. Aquifer characterization, which includes surface biophysical parameters mapping, soil hydraulic parameter and soil moisture mapping, and aquifer specific yield mapping; 2. Both supply and demand must be a part of any discussion about dwindling water resources. As part of their education mission, the group plans to host and train staff members from the Institute of Water Modeling in Bangladesh. In May 2006, Colorado State Engineer Hal Simpson ordered the shutdown of 400 wells in Platte County, Colorado, to ensure water for contracts downstream.
With so much depending upon fresh water, local and national officials have long recognized the need for measuring groundwater resources; in some areas, they have established a systematic groundwater observation program. GRACE measurements of
The basic concept: Satellites that use electromagnetic waves to monitor changes in the elevation of Earth's surface to within a millimeter could be mined for clues about groundwater.
land, computed from four years of GRACE gravity data. NASA’s twin Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites can detect groundwater by measuring subtle variations in Earth’s gravity.
So, slight changes in the distance between the twin GRACE satellites as they pass over Earth’s features indicate changes in Earth’s gravitational field. In collaboration with Utrecht University in the Netherlands and Deltares, a Dutch water research organization, we are preparing more detailed models of groundwater. But by the late 1970s, groundwater levels had already begun to fall. of groundwater supplies can quickly deplete sources like the Ogallala aquifer, Faisal Hossain, a civil and environmental engineering professor at Tennessee Technological University, uses NASA satellite data to help Bangladeshi authorities monitor their water resources and prepare for water-related disasters. Still another challenge for Alley exists in the very nature of groundwater.
In highly water-stressed areas, 40 to 100 percent of the local water supply is withdrawn by businesses, farmers, residents and other consumers every year. ", http://www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/using-satellites-track-water.html. doi: 10.1029/2006GL026962. They depend heavily on rainfall and rivers for fresh water, but they do not have the necessary instruments and trained personnel to predict water shortages or overflowing riverbanks. Groundwater dynamics and surface water-groundwater interactions, w…
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