Cliffe Fort won the 1906 competition and the results give an indication of the effectiveness of torpedo guidance. His elder brother Patrick John went to Australia in 1856 and became a teacher in Melbourne. One of his two daughters died in the flu epidemic that followed the First World War.8 His wife died in 1931, and Brennan was knocked down by a motorcar on 26 December 1931 whist holidaying in Montreux, Switzerland. The Loss of HMAS Armidale by Dr Kevin Smith, D-Day commando on Sword Beach by Commander Jim Speed DSC, RAN. The amount awarded by the British Government was the highest up to that time to an inventor for the engineering concepts and applications were much in advance of their time. ), Warhead: 100 kg guncotton. Louis Brennan was superintendent of the Government torpedo factory at Gillingham from 1887 until 1907, by which time the torpedo was inferior to the 9.2” guns being used at shore batteries. These recordings can be accessed through Apple iTunes or for Android users, Stitcher. The remains of some stations, such as Cliffe Fort, are still visible. Extract taken from "Remembering Castlebar's Louis Brennan" written by Mayo author Michael Mullen in the Connaught Telegraph, Admiral William Brown - a brief sketch of his life, Richard (Dick) Condon, (1937 - 1991) Richard Street, Castlebar, Louis Brennan - Castlebarman who invented the dirigible torpedo.
The 20 tonne prototype carriage was propelled by a 60 kW petrol engine, and a 15 kW petrol engine drove two electric motors for two gyroscopes.6 Brennan envisaged a train of six carriages travelling at 330 kph, each carriage with its own gyro stabilisers which, inter alia, enabled a carriage to lean into a bend in the monorail. He avoided disturbing his wife by inventing the ‘Brennanograph’, a silent five-key typewriter similar to those used by stenographers in law courts. The Lye Mun station was for the Lei Yei Mun channel to Victoria Harbour. The Brennan torpedo had two contra-rotating propellers powered by two shafts, one shaft surrounding the other. Louis Brennan was a brilliant and prolific inventor.
Louis Brennan's first major invention was the dirigible torpedo, for which he was granted a patent by the Patent Office, London, on 1 February 1878, (patent No. Copyright © 2020. He was replaced by a Royal Engineer Officer as Superintendent in 1895, but was retained as a consultant until 1907. It won the highest award at the Japan-British Exhibition in 1910. Despite the general reaction to the invention, it was not developed commercially. On 10th September 1892 he married Anna Mary Quinn, also a native of Castlebar. AE2 – Stoker’s Submarine, Musical Composition by Lieutenant Matthew Klohs RAN. Life on the Line Podcasts (10 February 2014), www.emelbourne.net.au/biogs/EM00231b.htm.
On 13 March 1893 Brennan was given £3,000 to cover his expenses to date and put on an annual salary of £1,000 for three years or until two months after notification of the fitness for trial of the torpedo. In 1907 he was ready to exhibit his first model. Brennan had spent so much money on the monorail that he was forced to sell his home and return to work.
The Brennan torpedo substituted for the reel a steel cylinder and for the cotton a coil of piano wire. To redeem this situation, on 11 March 2014 Mr Enda Kenny, the Taoiseach (Irish Prime Minister), unveiled a new headstone and plaque at a Service of Thanksgiving and Remembrance dedicated to the man credited with inventing the steerable torpedo and monorail system. Brennan was associated with printer William Calvert in designs for a number of inventive devices, including an incubator and a mini lift for stairs, and in 1872 jointly registered patents for an improved weighing machine.3 He held at least 38 patents in very diverse fields. The spectators climbed on board and away they went. Sir Winston Churchill actively supported it and saw it as an invention which promised to revolutionise the railway systems of the world. Louis and Anna had three children, Michael, Norah and Julie. The latter was adopted for coastal defence (including Australia circa 1890) and Brennan stations were closed by 1911.
He was working as a watchmaker when the germ of the idea for the dirigible torpedo came to him. Power was by a Bentley BR-2 170 kW rotary driving transmission shafts that ran down the length of the blades. Two of his paintings are in the National Gallery of Ireland: “A Vine Pergola” and “Church Interior at Capri”. The maximum range is generally reported as 1,800 m, but appears to refer to the length of wire. The wire guidance used by Brennan is not to be confused with the wire guidance used by modern submarine torpedoes. Louis was apprenticed to Alexander Kennedy Smith, a wealthy Scotsman who ran the biggest foundry in Melbourne.
The Brennan torpedo became standard harbour defence throughout the British Empire and was in use for more than fifteen years. He started his career as a watchmaker and a few years later was articled to Alexander Kennedy Smith, a renowned civil and mechanical engineer of the period. 10 on 26th January 1932. Smith was also a Major in the Victoria Volunteer Artillery Regiment, a sister branch to the Victoria Torpedo Corps, and this was to prove invaluable for the inventor of a torpedo.2 Smith was Melbourne’s Lord Mayor in 1875-1876 and a member of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from1877 to1881. When a shore station made the wire speeds at the torpedo different the two steering drive pulleys rotated at different speeds.
The two wires run around two pulleys known as ‘steering drive pulleys’, then inside the aft propeller shaft before leaving the torpedo. Louis had a keen interest in how all his mechanical toys worked, and experimented on extending their use and efficiency. Following a trial on 26 October 1886 the Admiralty declared that the torpedo was unsuitable for the Royal Navy but was very desirable for coastal defence using shore launching. AE1 – The Ship without a Name, Musical Composition by Lieutenant Matthew Klohs RAN. In May 1892 Brennan was awarded a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) for his work on the torpedo. Image of Louis Brennan demonstrating a model of his monorail invention. In 1874, with advice and encouragement from William Charles Kernot, lecturer (and later Professor of Engineering) at the University of Melbourne, at age 22 Brennan commenced the development of a wire guided torpedo. By 1909 Louis Brennan had built his first full-sized monorail car. The Admiralty refused to bear the cost of future trials since they felt that the torpedo was unsuitable for use from ships. Wire tension was automatically controlled by a hydraulic governor and recorded by a dynamometer. By resting the ends of this pencil on two books and unwinding the cotton by pulling it from underneath, he caused the reel to move forward; the harder he pulled the faster the cotton unwound and the quicker the reel travelled in the reverse direction. Biography. This request was denied by The Secretary of State for War ‘until experience has shown what precautions may be necessary for the protection of the secret’.16. There were six hits and five misses by less than 30 m for twelve firings against targets at 28 to 31 knots and ranges of 450 to 1100 m. Shore stations were operated in conjunction with minefields controlled by an electric cable from another shore station. LouisBrennan took up employment with the Ministry of Munitions from 191until 1918, when he moved to the RoyalAircraft factory at Farnborough, where he invented a type of helicopter. After being employed with the Ministry of Munitions from 1910 to 1918 he moved to the Royal Aircraft Factory at Farnborough where he worked from 1919 to 1926 on a type of helicopter. Brennan was to receive £1,500 per annum and Temperley £1,200 per annum. Churchill bullied the India Office into giving Brennan a secret grant of £5,000.
Although the Admiralty was not directly interested in the torpedo it agreed to assist in trials by the Royal Engineers with a view to coastal defence. He was the tenth child of Thomas Brennan, a hardware merchant, and his wife Honor (nee McDonnell). Final Tribute to the Inventor Extraordinaire and Wizard of Oz. Brennan was born in Castlebar, Ireland, and moved to Melbourne, Australia in 1861 with his parents.
The War Office recognised the value of the torpedo for coastal defence and negotiated an agreement agreed by Parliament on 10 March 1887. He became an excellent student at evening classes at the Collingwood School for Design, founded by a prominent public figure Joel Eade in 1871 for ‘rising operatives’.1 In 1873 at Melbourne’s Juvenile Industries Exhibition Brennan showed some of his work, such as a window safety latch, a mincing machine and a billiard marker adopted by manufacturers Alcock & Company. This type of steering differs from conventional steering for a vessel where the rudder angle only depends on the steering wheel angle of rotation instead of the steering wheel speed of rotation. Naval Historical Society of Australia Inc. a two-wheeled “Gyrocar”, a billiard marker, a window safety-catch, a pocket size recording machine, a mini lift for stairs, improvements in cylinders, pistons, high-speed wheels, mechanical starting devices for internal combustion engines, and many more. Brennan could think only of torpedo for the application of his paradoxical principle, as it did not need to make a return journey. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) Louis Philip Brennan was born on 28 January 1852 at Castlebar, County Mayo, Ireland. The torpedo was accepted into service in 1887. They lived in Gillingham overlooking the River Medway.
(15 February 2014), Brennan helicopter –development history, photos, technical data. During the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905 the Russians laid their Model 1898 moored contact mine which had a main charge of only 56 kg of guncotton.11 Despite the small main charge the Japanese lost two battleships.12, Torpedo propulsion and guidance by two wires. Louis took up employment with an engineering firm and continued his inventive experiments. When the helmsman stopped turning the steering wheel the wire speeds at the torpedo reverted to the same speed and the torpedo rudders retained their angle when the steering pulleys stopped. The propellers acted like tug propellers and the total propeller thrust exceeded torpedo hydrodynamic drag by a ‘tow load’ equal to the total wire tension, generally 4 kN (400 kg). The Maharajah of Kashmir was convinced that the monorail would be the ideal way to traverse Himalayan foothills and he also gave Brennan a grant of £5,000. The torpedo was never fired in anger but there was an annual competition for the Brennan Torpedo Challenge Cup, shore stations firing twelve torpedos. 18 is on display at the Royal Engineers Museum, Gillingham, and a replica torpedo is on display at the Hong Kong Museum of Coastal Defence, Lye Mun. Whilst the steering wheel was being turned the two steering pulleys moved at the same speed v in opposite directions along a horizontal beam, the steering pulley speed depending on the steering wheel speed of rotation. Patrick went to Australia in 1856, and accepted a teaching appointment in Melbourne. He died in Algiers in 1871 and was buried there. Controlled mines were detonated when a target was seen to be in a suitable location. Using gyro stabilisation the monorail could traverse a chasm on a single steel cable, and the press dubbed the monorail the ‘Blondin railway’ after the famous tightrope walker. © 2019 Mayo Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. It ran on a single row of wheels. Brennan and Calvert registered patents for the torpedo, and British Patent No.
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