The first rules, written down by William G Morgan, called for a net 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) high, a 25 ft × 50 ft (7.6 m × 15.2 m) court, and any number of players.

Topspin: an overhand serve where the player tosses the ball high and hits it with a wrist snap, giving it topspin which causes it to drop faster than it would otherwise and helps maintain a straight flight path. [3] Either are acceptable in professional and beach volleyball; however, there are much tighter regulations on the overhand pass in beach volleyball. The complete set of rules is extensive,[2] but play essentially proceeds as follows: a player on one of the teams begins a 'rally' by serving the ball (tossing or releasing it and then hitting it with a hand or arm), from behind the back boundary line of the court, over the net, and into the receiving team's court. A well-executed soft-block is performed by jumping and placing one's hands above the net with no penetration into the opponent's court and with the palms up and fingers pointing backwards. Its modern weight of between 5.5 and 5.75 ounces (156 and 163 grams) was established in 1774.…, The ball, which has a core of cork built up with string, was traditionally encased in polished red leather, although white is now frequently used, especially for night games. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). The team that won the point serves for the next point. Other rule changes enacted in 2000 include allowing serves in which the ball touches the net, as long as it goes over the net into the opponents' court. advertising. Ball, spherical or ovoid object for throwing, hitting, or kicking in various sports and games. Line and Cross-court Shot: refers to whether the ball flies in a straight trajectory parallel to the sidelines, or crosses through the court in an angle. For the 2008 season, games were renamed "sets" and reduced to 25 points to win. Some form of ball game is portrayed on early Egyptian monuments. A "roof" is a spectacular offensive block that redirects the power and speed of the attack straight down to the attacker's floor as if the attacker hit the ball into the underside of a peaked house roof. The international 4–2 translates more easily into other forms of offence. Some specific techniques are more common in digging than in passing. The 6–2 lineup thus requires two setters, who line up opposite to each other in the rotation. The player must jump from behind the 3-meter line before making contact with the ball, but may land in front of the 3-meter line. An underhand pass is allowed from any part of the court. [3] It may also require calculating the best footwork to executing the "perfect" block. [9] An international federation, the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), was founded in 1947, and the first World Championships were held in 1949 for men and 1952 for women. Successful blocking does not always result in a "roof" and many times does not even touch the ball. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/sports/ball-sports, The Strong - National Toy Hall of Fame - Ball. copyright, contact Sometimes a player may also be forced to drop their body quickly to the floor to save the ball. Other common errors include a player touching the ball twice in succession, a player "catching" the ball, a player touching the net while attempting to play the ball, or a player penetrating under the net into the opponent's court.

It is one of the earliest children’s toys known. If the team that won the point served in the previous point, the same player serves again. The team that wins the rally is awarded a point and serves the ball to start the next rally. In this case, the setter usually jumps off their right foot straight up to avoid going into the net. That rule change was also applied to high school and junior high play soon after. Popular systems include the 6-Up, 6-Back-Deep, and 6-Back-Slide defence. However, balls made from indigenous materials, particularly from animal parts, were once the norm. Updates? Corrections? [7][8], The first official ball used in volleyball is disputed; some sources say Spalding created the first official ball in 1896, while others claim it was created in 1900. [3] If the ball is hit around, above, or through the block, the defensive players arranged in the rest of the court attempt to control the ball with a dig (usually a fore-arm pass of a hard-driven ball). In American football, you have to try to bring down your opponent. [33] The union is named the International Beach Volleyball Players Association, and it consists of almost 100 professional players. These team movements are determined by the teams chosen serve receive system, offensive system, coverage system, and defensive system. Each team consists of six players. Contemporary volleyball comprises a number of attacking techniques: Blocking refers to the actions taken by players standing at the net to stop or alter an opponent's attack.[3]. A block that is aimed at completely stopping an attack, thus making the ball remain in the opponent's court, is called offensive. Volleyball is essentially a game of transition from one of the above skills to the next, with choreographed team movement between plays on the ball. There is also a libero tracking sheet, where the referees or officiating team must keep track of whom the libero subs in and out for. [3] The receiving team must not let the ball be grounded within their court. [13][14] By the 1960s, a volleyball court had become standard in almost all nudist/naturist clubs.[15]. This "3 meter" (or "10-foot") line divides the court into "back row" and "front row" areas (also back court and front court). The serve-receive system is the formation used by the receiving team to attempt to pass the ball to the designated setter. If the setter does this well, the opponent's middle blocker may not have enough time to block with the outside blocker, increasing the chance for the attacking team to make a point. This serve is becoming more popular among college and professional players because it has a certain unpredictability in its flight pattern.

The middle hitter steps around the setter and hits from behind him or her. Systems can consist of 5 receivers, 4 receivers, 3 receivers, and in some cases 2 receivers. A defensive specialist is often used if you have a particularly poor back court defender in right side or left side, but your team is already using a libero to take out your middles. [3] A serve is called an "ace" when the ball lands directly onto the court or travels outside the court after being touched by an opponent; when the only player on the server's team to touch the ball is the server. By far the most popular of these is beach volleyball, which is played on sand with two people per team, and rivals the main sport in popularity. In the international 4–2, the setters set from the right front position.

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