In contrast, 42.8 percent of Caribbean immigrants were limited English proficient (LEP), meaning they reported speaking English less than "very well." People from Haiti are genetically and culturally the most African people outside of Africa, with almost no non-African admixture in the gene pool of the average Haitian and the most African influenced culture of any country outside of Africa. The Caribbean is the source of the United States' earliest and largest Black immigrant group and the primary source of growth of the Black population in the U.S.

Within this group, 9.7 percent reported that they did not speak English at all, 16.5 percent reported speaking English "well," and 16.7 percent reported speaking English "but not well. Many black Afro-Latinos in the Spanish-speaking countries of Central America often have cultures that resemble the English Caribbean, due to various historical events, such as Caribbean coastal areas of these countries originally being English colonies and after these countries were established there was migration from the English Caribbean to the Caribbean coast of Central America. Pointe des Châteaux, eastern Grande-Terre, Guadeloupe. As of 2016, about 13 million — about 4% of the total U.S. population — have Caribbean ancestry.[2]. James and Derek Walcott, who spoke to themes important to African descendants in the West Indies. In an attempt to overcome problems of small size and dependence on a few export items, the Caribbean countries have formed economic unions, including the Central American Common Market, which established a regional free-trade zone; the Caribbean Community (Caricom), which promotes cooperation between English-speaking countries; and the African, Caribbean and Pacific Group of States, whose members, as signatories of the Lomé Convention of 1975, receive preferential tariffs from the European Union.

Guyana, Trinidad and Tobago, Belize, the Bahamas, Barbados and Grenada, among others, also have significant immigrant populations within the United States. The population of the West Indies is ethnically heterogeneous and largely the legacy of an early plantation society based on slave labour. A West Indian is a native or inhabitant of the West Indies (the Antilles and the Lucayan Archipelago). West Indian Americans of the civilian employed population 16 years and over were 1,549,890.

Papiamentu, a Spanish-Dutch (Netherlandic)-Portuguese-English creole, is widely spoken on Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire. [18], As of 2017, 27.1 percent of West Indian Americans 25 years and over have a bachelor's degree or higher. Counties with largest non-Latino Caribbean American populations in 2016, Notable Caribbean Americans and Americans of Caribbean descent, National Caribbean American Heritage Month. Married-couple family: $80,626, Male householder, no spouse present, family: $53,101, Female householder, no husband present, family: $43,929. The West Indies’ creole languages, evolved from pidgin variants of European languages, have become the common languages of many of the people. [23] Since the declaration, the White House has issued an annual proclamation recognizing June as National Caribbean-American Heritage Month. During the 17th century the major strata of West Indian society were Europeans and their descendants (‘‘whites’’)—who were generally free, though some were indentured workers serving a period of contract labour—and enslaved Africans.

West Indian Americans of the civilian employed population 16 years and over were 1,549,890. First Africans from the West Indies who arrived in the United States were slaves brought to South Carolina in the 17th century. Since then, however, Indo-Trinidadians (about four-tenths of the population) have become urbanized and have entered government and commerce as well as a wide range of professional occupations. The number of enslaved Africans bought from the Caribbean increased in the 18th century, as the Thirteen Colonies (the future continental U.S.) broadened its trade relations with other Caribbean islands. Chinese indentured immigration to Cuba; South Asian indentured immigration to Trinidad and to a lesser extent to Jamaica, Martinique, and Guadeloupe; and free movement of Chinese, Portuguese, Syrians, and Lebanese to Trinidad and the Greater Antilles (mainly in the 20th century) produced minorities with the potential for social mobility. West Indian is the official term used by the U.S. government to refer to people of the West Indies. In countries with parliamentary governments, the two-party system is common.

The region has exported more of its people than any other region of the world since the abolition of slavery in 1834. First of all , navigator Columbus reached Indonesia which he called the East Indies , famous for various spices . Daily maximum temperatures over most of the region range from the mid-80s F (upper 20s C) from December to April to the upper 80s F (low 30s C) from May to November. Emigration was substantial throughout the 20th century, and more than half of the natural increase in the region was lost owing to emigration. West Indians also have a median family income of $62,867. Please select which sections you would like to print: Corrections? The per capita gross national product (GNP) of the countries in the region ranged in the early 21st century from less than $400 in Haiti (well below the world average) to more than $30,000 in Cuba (comparable to the per capita GNP of many western European countries) and more than $24,000 in the U.S. Virgin Islands. [3], Today, there is a fourth wave of Caribbean migration in United States. The most likely answer for the clue is CARIBS. Slaves—who included many mixed-race persons by about 1800—were nonpersons, chattels to be bought and sold. The region’s moisture-laden trade winds produce heavy rainfall on the windward sides of the higher islands. Percentage of the state population that identifies itself as West Indian relative to the state/territory population as a whole.

Although Caribbean immigration to the United States was relatively small in the first years of 19th century, it grew significantly after the end of the American Civil War in 1865, which brought about the abolition of slavery. But while these changes were taking place in the British, French, and Dutch West Indies, Spanish Cuba was developing as a slave-plantation producer of sugar. These slaves, many of whom were born in Africa, number among the first people of African origin imported to the British colonies of North America. Fumaroles, or volcanic vents, Dominica, Lesser Antilles. Traditionally dependent on the sugar industry, it has attempted to diversify its economy by increasing its imports of capital goods to use as the basis for new industries.

Oceans Across the World: Fact or Fiction? A “reconstituted” peasantry emerged in Haiti, Jamaica, Trinidad, and the Windward Islands. Professor in History, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad. Res. Three major physiographic divisions constitute the West Indies: the Greater Antilles, comprising the islands of Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola (Haiti and the Dominican Republic), and Puerto Rico; the Lesser Antilles, including the Virgin Islands, Anguilla, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Antigua and Barbuda, Montserrat, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Barbados, and Grenada; and the isolated island groups of the North American continental shelf—The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands—and those of the South American shelf, including Trinidad and Tobago, Aruba, Curaçao, and Bonaire. Omissions? 32.6% were employed in Management, business, science, and arts occupations, 28.5% in Service occupations, 22.2% in Sales and office occupations, 6.1% in Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations, and 10.5% in Production, transportation, and material moving occupations. Post 1965 saw a tremendous influx of rural working-class migrants. Though sometimes divided by language, West Indian Americans share a common Caribbean culture. Social welfare programs, particularly in the dependent states, are comprehensive and have contributed to an improvement in health conditions in the region. Miami, New York City, Boston and Orlando have the highest percentages of non-Hispanic West Indian-Americans, and are also the only major cities where blacks of Caribbean origin outnumber those of multigenerational American origin. The collapse of agriculture in many islands had devastated their economies, the growing replacement of agriculture by tourism in the Eastern Caribbean had greatly increased the urban population and led to neglect of rural communities as well as greater migration to the U.S. from the Caribbean countryside. Thousands came as legal migrant workers brought to work in agriculture, primarily on Florida's sugar plantations.

[23] Since the declaration, the White House has issued an annual proclamation recognizing June as National Caribbean-American Heritage Month. Land fauna is an impoverished version of the fauna found on the nearby South American mainland.

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