The Nuclear Command, Control, and Communications (NC3) system is meant to keep the President connected to military forces in the instance of a nuclear event.

Deterrence, stability, and escalation control require that these capabilities endure nuclear attack so that no adversary can contemplate a disarming first strike.

Published: Sep 9, 2020. Most recently, in June 2015, GAO issued a report on several NC3 modernization efforts, and in January 2017, GAO issued a classified report on briefings provided in May and June 2016 regarding the Air Force's efforts to establish its new NC3 oversight structure and on the status of several NC3 modernization efforts. 211 0 obj <>stream And although selected NC3 acquisition programs progressed towards their goals, concerns remain. ���3�� The Department of Defense (DOD) is executing several acquisition efforts to modernize elements of NC3. NC3 is made up of a multitude of ground, air, and space components, such as receivers and terminals. We provided a draft of this product to DOD for comment. NC2 is supported by a survivable networkof communications and warning systems that ensure dedicated connectivityfrom the President to all nuclear-capable forces.

Nuclear Command and Control System (NCCS). Publicly Released: Oct 7, 2020. Published: Aug 14, 2020. This process is automatic. The department responded that it had no formal comments. Publicly Released: Aug 20, 2020. The Nuclear Command, Control, and Communications (NC3) system is meant to keep the President connected to military forces in the instance of a nuclear event. The NCCS provides the President of the United Stateswith the means to authorize the use of nuclear weapons in a crisis and to prevent unauthorized or accidental use. In addition, two programs with draft schedules plan to proceed into development without benefiting from a key systems engineering event that would help to ensure the requirements are feasible and affordable before development contracts are awarded.

Publicly Released: Aug 6, 2020.

airplanes, satellites). For example, four programs have compressed schedules that could result in delays if any issues develop during development, production, or installation of the communication terminals. NC3 is a large and complex system comprised of numerous land-, air-, sea-, and space-based components used to ensure connectivity between the President and nuclear forces. Publicly Released: Aug 14, 2020. To understand the Air Force's NC3 oversight structure, GAO reviewed Air Force assessments and planning documents and discussed the plans with cognizant officials. 8Ik�$�'���������8���E��l�������6�C_C1ƺ5��ǭ�|v�.̣n�����^an��w�{��>lq�(ób����:q��sx���G�>�����. We found that the Air Force made progress on its oversight structure for the entire NC3 Weapon System, but it has not yet focused on … The service requires full cookie support in order to view this website. Publicly Released: Oct 1, 2020. Published: Aug 15, 2017. In addition, the Air Force, which is responsible for the majority of DOD NC3 assets, has begun establishing an oversight structure for its NC3 capabilities and programs. According to Air Force officials, the Air Force has built up its understanding of the short-term sustainment needs for the component systems that currently make up the NC3 Weapon System, but has not had the resources to focus on the long-term needs for NC3.

Publicly Released: Sep 23, 2020. Publicly Released: Jul 30, 2020. This is the second phase of work in response to that provision.

It is believed that the authority to launch China's nuclear forces resides with the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, a position held by President Jiang Zemin. The overall nuclear capability requires integration of delivery systems, technology, doctrine, and command and control (C2) system, that a nation has in place. Publicly Released: Aug 15, 2017. NC3 is made up of a multitude of ground, air, and space components, such as receivers and terminals. www.militaryaerospace.com is using a security service for protection against online attacks. Looking for more? It is an essential element to ensure crisis stability, deter attack against the United States and its allies, and maintain the safety, security, and effectiveness of the U.S. nuclear deterrent. The Air Force has continued to take steps to provide an Air Force-wide nuclear command, control, and communications (NC3) oversight structure for the NC3 Weapon System, but its focus has mainly been on sustaining the current system as it added personnel for this new structure. This report is an unclassified summary of the classified briefings, which discussed (1) the extent to which the Air Force has made progress in establishing a new oversight structure for its NC3 capabilities and programs and (2) an updated status of several ongoing acquisition programs, selected because they were either the largest efforts in terms of estimated cost, or they address critical NC3 capabilities. Published: Oct 7, 2020. www.militaryaerospace.com is using a security service for protection against online attacks. h�243P0P���w�/�+Q0���L)�643�)��X��ʂT�����b;;� 9� X

nuclear weapons, nuclear operations require NC3 systems to provide national leaders with situational awareness, advance warning, and command and control capabilities. We found that the Air Force made progress on its oversight structure for the entire NC3 Weapon System, but it has not yet focused on long-term NC3 needs. The Senate Armed Services Committee report accompanying a bill for the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 included a provision for us to update prior reviews of NC3. HANSCOM AIR FORCE BASE, Mass. The C2 system becomes the glue that converts disparate elements of potential into usable strategic capability to deter others. endstream endobj 212 0 obj <>stream The designated combination of flexible and enduring elements including facilities, equipment, communications, procedures, personnel, and the structure in which these elements are integrated, all of which are essential for planning, directing, and controlling nuclear weapon operations of military forces and the activities that support those operations. Observations on Ground-based Midcourse Defense Acquisition Challenges and Potential Contract Strategy Changes, Additional Actions Needed to Ensure Effectiveness of 5G Strategy, Army Should Improve Use of Alternative Agreements and Approaches by Enhancing Oversight and Communication of Lessons Learned, NNSA Should Further Develop Cost, Schedule, and Risk Information for the W87-1 Warhead Program, Actions Needed to Address the Main Factors Causing Maintenance Delays for Aircraft Carriers and Submarines, Status of Efforts to Schedule and Hold Timely Entrance Conferences, DOD Needs to Assess Its Use of Term and Temporary Appointments, As Army Prioritizes Rapid Development, More Attention Needed to Provide Insight on Cost Estimates and Systems Engineering Risks, Information on the Fiscal Year 2021 Budget Request and Affordability of Nuclear Modernization Activities, Actions Needed to Ensure DOD Considers Climate Risks to Contractors as Part of Acquisition, Supply, and Risk Assessment, Department of Energy's Contract Management for the National Nuclear Security Administration and Office of Environmental Management - High Risk Issue, DOD Approach to Business Transformation - High Risk Issue, DOD Contract Management - High Risk Issue, DOD Supply Chain Management - High Risk Issue, DOD Support Infrastructure Management - High Risk Issue, DOD Weapon Systems Acquisition - High Risk Issue, Ensuring the Effective Protection of Technologies Critical to U.S. National Security Interests - High Risk Issue, Government-wide Personnel Security Clearance Process – High-Risk Issue, Leading Practices in Acquisition Management, Nuclear Weapons and Forces Sustainment and Modernization, U.S. - China Economic and Military Relations. To understand and assess the acquisition progress and remaining challenges for each acquisition program, GAO reviewed relevant acquisition and management documents, including the most recent program updates, and identified acquisition risks where the programs' ongoing and planned efforts are not consistent with acquisition best practices.

POSITIVE CONTROL

Published: Jul 30, 2020. Please enable cookies on your browser and try again. Since 2013, GAO has issued several products related to reviews of NC3, as well as provided classified briefings to congressional defense committees. ����`!7p BI@cCi�2A4�K8�Fv��q��u8����f �G�mjD��Q��8���î�qF���ݤΦ�7�P��t��'�"�� ���u2���!�G�~��� o刀�N���Y�������I�����W��}m0V�g[�g���;8X��N 1a�8�����+H��e�.P�to�\�pk�^Y4���׳@3�T�r_�6\�K���ݳq2�?W��v.�e@���88s�\g��ǿ�9:�ë�yHy֤W��p�C�I1F�PMG��,#�#�~O"�FUs�ϛ����(c�A�Pe��"-�yqI?�Ũ��~��Wu3�J�����ݷO�6�W���� ����ep����8�ٴ�����b�0 ��A�Y�l�k�%e��BFU�̞߇܍��r6=8�p�&�\��F\�x1�>o�0�f1�B��^����)�‡^F

Photo of various NC3 communication components (e.g.

In order to understand NC3, it is important to define nuclear commandand control (NC2). In the United States, leadership decisions are communicated to the nuclear forces via an intricate Nuclear Command and Control System (NCCS). $l6�]����3�-)�0D�.������Z�ʱ�6�\�9�"ΝM��n�T���h]Uu�e��r���t�'�`���} ��s{B�L���3�\�2�_\Ȏ�)|+�'�t�P)�qɯ��1�?���65ǘ^Cax�yg$?��o��0��Δ�'�n� �N� You will be redirected once the validation is complete.

– Satellite communications (SATCOM) engineers at Raytheon Technologies Corp. are designing a nuclear command-and-control system to … The leader of the Free World is dependent on intelligence from NCCS to decide whether launching a nuclear weapon is the best course of action and the president will communicate his decision through the system. h�d��j�0�_��XY/;�&nm��е,)D}��[��� The Global ASNT SATCOM system will provide new satellite terminals for the global command-and-control system that helps the U.S. president manage nuclear forces. Command and Control Little is known of China's nuclear command and control system. The fundamental requirementsof NC2 are that it must be assured, timely, secur… %PDF-1.5 %���� Published: Jun 25, 2020. NC3 program executive office officials stated that they plan to review the acquisition strategies and adjust them as appropriate before the acquisition approaches are finalized. Examples of Nuclear Command, Control, and Communications Elements. Browse all our products here, Explore our Key Issues on National Defense.

NC2 is the exercise of authority and direction, throughestablished command lines, over nuclear weapon operations by the President asthe chief executive and head of state. Publicly Released: Jul 27, 2020.

GAO provided in-depth, classified briefings to congressional defense committee staff on the results of this phase in May and June 2017, which expanded on findings in the January 2017 report.

Nuclear Command an… GAO discussed the status of each program with officials from the relevant program offices. Published: Aug 6, 2020. The service requires full JavaScript support in order to view this website. endstream endobj 213 0 obj <>stream

www.militaryaerospace.com is using a security service for protection against online attacks. GAO is not making any recommendations in this report. Published: Oct 21, 2020. The Nuclear Command and Control System provides critical information and communication pathways to U.S. government officials, the president, and the U.S. strategic deterrent. For example, four programs have compressed schedules that could result in delays if unexpected issues arise. For more information, contact Cristina Chaplain at (202) 512-4841 or chaplainc@gao.gov.

Each of the eight NC3 acquisition programs GAO reviewed has made progress towards meeting its acquisition goals, but most have challenges remaining. h��Ymo�H�+�t��}�>�Ji�P}QSสB�q[�ԎlW������u҄��8�B�}��yvf����Fx$���H�c�H)"h5QF@k�� ��X��D�c��M`� X�9t��a��m� �:�p�5t@���h�2��Ǚ�H��DD0F�R���p� �H��TRAG�dMW8c��A�#��ND�E���49�C3r�NݶʷڷƷַ��/^БC�;������3�[VӬ����3z윾���$K�3�m�a�a���hcB��9�4�M�'UV4�����m�͋/��QQ��Ύ�!�šL�!SZ�����&Z�!c������C^9��B$T���BnD��D�5�d*TP[R�� �B!� Please enable JavaScript on your browser and try again. Published: Oct 1, 2020. Publicly Released: Oct 21, 2020. Published: Aug 20, 2020.

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